![]() ![]() This resides in your project root at the path. Like all other objects such as Git blobs and trees, commit objects are stored in Git's repository, also known as the object database (or object store). When Git merges changes from more than 2 branches, it's called an octopus merge. ![]() This is because a merge commit combines changes from multiple previous commits which represent the state of the respective branches being merged.Ī merge commit will store references to all of the parent commits being merged, which is usually 2. When you use the git merge command to combine changes from multiple branches, Git will create a merge commit.Ī merge commit can actually have 2 or more parents. In this way, each commit is linked back to the previous one - known as its parent - on the branch. A reference to the previous commit on the branch is stored within the new commit. When you create a new commit with the git commit command, the new commit will be added to the tip of your current branch. But what does it really mean for a commit to have a parent? However, all other commits after the initial commit have at least 1 parent. This makes sense since it's the very first one - there are no other existing commits that could be its parent. The initial commit in any Git repository is called the root commit and has no parents. Git commits use the notion of parents to link commits together in chains. For example, the git blame command can be used to identify the most recent person who touched each line of a file. It also allows developers to keep track of exactly who made every change, down to each and every line of code. ![]() This allows Git users to check out any previous version of the project using the command git checkout. Git keeps a record of all commits made in your project and uses this to build up a full history of every change ever made to each file. What is a Git commit?Ī Git commit is a snapshot of your project's working directory at a specific point in time, taken by a specific author. This is Part 3 of our series on Git's main object types, which started with Part 1: What is a blob in Git? and continued with Part 2: What is a tree in Git?. In this article, we'll explain everything you need to know about Git commits. Automatically stage and commit changes in one commandĬommits are one of Git's most important concepts, yet they are often misunderstood, or not fully understood.How can a commit have multiple parents?. ![]()
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